Microstructure refinement and mechanical properties enhancement of Mg - Al alloys via a novel of MgO nanoparticles modified graphene nanoplates refiner by in-situ synthesis

Grain refinement by inoculation treatment is one of the simplest and most efficient ways to improve the mechanical properties of Mg - Al alloys. In this study, a novel GNP@MgO grain refiner was designed by an in -situ reaction of CO 2 gas and Mg melt. It can significantly reduce the average grain sizes of Mg - 9Al alloys from 126.9 mu m to 12.7 mu m. The mechanical properties of Mg - 9Al alloys were significantly enhanced, and its ultimate compressive strength was increased from 370 MPa to 436 MPa. HRTEM characterization and atomic interface analyses have shown that the Al 4 C 3 phase has an orientation relationship with alpha-Mg as (009) Al4C3 //(002) Mg , and [11- 20] Al4C3 //[11-20] Mg , which has a low degree of lattice mismatch of 5.79%. Besides, these MgO nanoparticles can adsorb on the surface of alpha-Mg grains and play a role in hindering growth and solute diffusion. The ultra -high grain refinement efficiency of 90% is achieved through the synergistic effects of GNP promoting heterogeneous nucleation and MgO nanoparticles inhibiting grain growth. This work sheds new light on designing innovative and effective grain refiners for Mg alloys.