Power spectra and circular polarization of primordial gravitational waves with parity and Lorentz violations
arxiv(2024)
摘要
The violations of parity and Lorentz symmetries in gravity can change the
propagating properties of gravitational waves (GWs) in the cosmological
background, which can arise from a large number of parity- and
Lorentz-violating theories. In this paper, through a systematic parametrization
for characterizing possible derivations from the standard GW propagation in
general relativity, we study both the parity- and Lorentz-violating effects on
the power spectra and the polarization of the primordial gravitational waves
(PGWs) during the slow-roll inflation. To this end, we calculate explicitly the
power spectrum and the corresponding circular polarization of the PGWs
analytically by using the uniform asymptotic approximation. It is shown that
the new contributions to power spectra contain two parts, one from the
parity-violating terms and the other from the Lorentz-violating terms. While
the Lorentz-violating terms can only affect the overall amplitudes of PGWs, the
parity-violating terms induce nonzero circular polarization of PGWs, i.e., the
left-hand and right-hand polarization modes of GWs have different amplitudes.
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