Medical textile implants: hybrid fibrous constructions towards improved performances

Objectives One main challenge for textile implants is to limit the foreign body reaction (FBR) and in particular the fibrosis development once the device is implanted. Fibrotic tissue in-growth depends on the fiber size, the pore size, and the organization of the fibrous construction. Basically, non-woven fibrous assemblies present a more favorable interface to biological tissues than do woven structures. However, they are mechanically less strong. In order to combine both strength and appropriate topography properties, the design of a hybrid fibrous construct was considered and discussed in this work. Methods Two polyethylene terephthalate (PET) weaves (satin and plain) were assembled with a non-woven PET mat, using an ultrasound welding process. Results The physical and mechanical properties of the construction as well as its ability to interact with the biological environment were then evaluated. In particular, the wettability of the obtained substrate as well as its ability to interact with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) at 24 h (adhesion) and 72 h (proliferation) in vitro were studied. Conclusions The results show that the non-woven layer helps limiting cell proliferation in the plain weave construction and promotes conversely proliferation in the satin construction.