Expert consensus for diagnostic imaging of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related cerebral toxoplasmosis

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related cerebral toxoplasmosis has a high mortality rate and is a serious complication affecting the survival and prognosis of patients with AIDS. Diagnostic imaging plays an important role in assessing early diagnoses and responses, and standardized applications of imaging techniques and thorough knowledge of the radiological features of AIDS-related cerebral toxoplasmosis are essential. Although the imaging findings for AIDS-related cerebral toxoplasmosis vary, some characteristic features are common. Currently, no consensus exists regarding the diagnostic imaging for AIDS-related cerebral toxoplasmosis. Based on recent research, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations system, and our clinical expertise and experience, we developed this consensus paper to guide clinical decision-making, facilitate early diagnoses, and guide rational use of medications and other treatments.