A comprehensive dimensional analysis of waste-derived reinforcements in interface interactions with semi-bio-based PA6,10 composites

This study elucidates interfacial interactions in semi-synthetic polyamides by applying dimensional analysis to graphene derived from waste sources like coffee, tires, and chopped carbon fiber resulting in lightweight and high-performance composites. Graphene from tires in platelet form (GNP), graphene from coffee in spherical form (CWC), and carbon fiber bundles (CF) were incorporated into Polyamide 6,10 (PA6,10) with high-shear mixer by examining the optimum loading ratio for each reinforcement through interface characterization. At the same loading ratios, specific flexural properties are significantly enhanced when employing high aspect ratio CF reinforcement, while the platelet structure of GNP is more effective in improving specific tensile properties. Additionally, the spherical graphene of CWC exhibited the highest crystallinity, along with CF. In addition, sustainable PA6,10-based compounds reinforced with waste-derived materials were compared to commercial synthetic PA6-based compounds with similar thermal and mechanical characteristics. The research revealed that the addition of 20 wt% CWC to the PA6,10 matrix outperforms commercial synthetic compounds by providing lightweight in terms of specific tensile. The findings of this study demonstrate that effectively incorporating waste-derived reinforcing materials into semi-synthetic composites presents a promising strategy to improve performance and serve as viable alternatives to commercial products through tailored waste-derived reinforcement, particularly in applications that require lightweight and robust load-bearing capabilities. Highlights center dot Waste-based reinforcements are sustainable alternatives to synthetic materials center dot Size and aspect ratio of reinforcements give varying strengthening mechanisms center dot Tailorable mechanical performance through different waste-based reinforcements center dot Waste-based reinforcements offer lightweight for automotive composites center dot Lightweight and sustainable composites can replace commercial products