The flow field simulation and suction structure optimal design of the dual-airway pneumatic fallen jujube fruit pickup device

To investigate the flow field characteristics within the cavity of the key components in a dual -airway pneumatic fallen jujube fruit pickup device under the influence of negative pressure airflow and to optimize the device's structural parameters, we constructed a numerical simulation model for the flow field in the dual -airway pickup mouth using computational fluid dynamics. Initially, we analyzed the impact of the central partition on the flow field within the pickup suction mouth. Subsequently, utilizing the velocity unevenness coefficient as the response index, we conducted a single -factor test on the key parameters of the cavity structure to determine the optimal value range for each factor. Through an orthogonal test, response surface analysis, and a composite optimization method, we established the optimal structural parameter combination as follows: a falloff angle of 91.37 degrees, an opening width of 50 mm, a flanging radius of 6.45 mm, and a relative height of 20mm, resulting in a velocity unevenness coefficient of 5.89%. Finally, validation tests were performed, revealing that the velocity unevenness coefficients for dual -airway pickup suction were 6.22%, 6.60%, and 6.45%, respectively. The maximum deviation from the predicted value was 0.71%, with a maximum relative error of 12.05%. This study holds significant importance not only for the optimization of complex cavity structures in pickup equipment design but also serves as a valuable reference for the development of mechanized fallen jujube fruit pickup equipment.