Stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1alfa) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP): Two potential signature biomarkers of radiological detectable hemophilic arthropathy

IntroductionHemophilia is a rare constitutional bleeding disorder due to a deficiency in Factor VIII or Factor IX. Recurrent hemarthroses, one of the major complications of the disease, lead to hemophilic arthropathy, a disabling condition that requires early diagnosis. Traditionally, clinical examination and plain film radiography have been used to diagnose hemophilic arthropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound can be more useful for diagnosing soft-tissue changes. However, but each of these methods has limitations and diagnosis of arthropathy can be delayed. AimThe aim of this project was to assess plasmatic biomolecules indicative of osteo-cartilaginous damage in patients with hemophilia with or without known arthropathy, in order to improve the diagnosis of this major complication of the disease. MethodsIn this monocentric retrospective study, 40 patients with hemophilia A or B, for whom a plasma sample was available, provided informed consent for further analyses (multiplex immunoassays and ELISA) and collection of relevant clinical information in their medical files. Correlations were sought for between biomarkers of interest and the severity of joint lesions assessed according to Pettersson's radiologic score. ResultsTwo biomarkers were identified, respectively SDF-1 alpha and COMP. Their plasmatic levels were significantly increased in patients with arthropathy compared to controls and patients without arthropathy. These values correlated significantly with the Pettersson score in patients under regular prophylaxis. ConclusionTwo plasma biomarkers have been identified that could help assess the presence and severity of hemophilic arthropathy.