Effect of joint stiffness on the load-carrying capacity of single-layer cylindrical reticulated shell with improved bolt-column (IBC) joint

To enlarge the application of single -layer reticulated shells, this study proposes an innovative semi -rigid joint based on the original bolt -column (OBC) joint, referred to as the improved bolt -column (IBC) joint. The mechanical behavior of the IBC joint under the pure load and the coupling effect of bending and axial force is investigated using numerical tests. Then, the practical analytical model of IBC joint is developed based on a three -parameters power model and component method. Subsequently, a mechanical model considering joint stiffness is developed to establish semi -rigidly connected single -layer cylindrical reticulated shell. A total of 456 numerical models of shells are conducted to examine the impact of different kinds of joint stiffness on the loadcarrying capacity of shells systematically. The results demonstrate that (i) weak axis bending stiffness and axial stiffness significantly affect the load -carrying capacity of shells by approximately 19 % and 14 % on average respectively; (ii) strong axis bending stiffness and torsional stiffness have relatively minor effects on the critical load of shells, with average decline ratios of only 5 % and 6 % respectively; (iii) out -of -plane shear stiffness and in -plane shear stiffness exhibit negligible impacts on the load -carrying capacity of shells, with an average effect not exceeding 1 %. Finally, the findings of numerical simulation considering all stiffness of IBC joint reveal insights into both varying laws of load -carrying capacity and failure modes for shells. It is observed that the mean critical load can reach up to 59 % of the one of rigidly -connected shells, which is significantly higher than those observed in shells with pinned joints.