Research on tool wear state identification method driven by multi-source information fusion and multi-dimension attention mechanism

Cutting tool wear condition monitoring technology is the key technology of advanced manufacturing system and a crucial component of machining. The stage of the tool wear has a direct impact on performance of the workpiece and efficacy of machine tool. However, the duplication and lack of wear information and the fuzzy area of the tool wear transition stage are the key factors contributing to the incorrect estimation of the tool wear state when extracting cutting tool wear feature information. As a consequence, this study presents a data fusion from several sources-based intelligent tool wear state detection technique. The fusion of data from several sources can effectively realize the complementarity of machining information. This provides the model with more comprehensive identification data. The mapping between wear state and wear characteristics is precisely established. To address these issues, the attention mechanism of channel and spatial latitude is integrated into the feature extraction. The model that was constructed in the present investigation has a comprehensive identification accuracy of 0.982. The F1 score of initial, normal and severe wear stage of tool wear are 0.977, 0.968 and 0.993, which are better than other models. Experiments show that the identification method proposed in this study may provide accurate tool wear condition identification based on machining process data, allowing for more flexible and precise cutting tool change decisions in machining.