The effect of microgroove pattern modification combined with MOF coating on titanium alloy for the soft tissue integration of percutaneous implants

Enhancing soft tissue integration and preventing implant-associated infection play a crucial role in improving the long-term success of percutaneous implants. Microgroove pattern modification of titanium implants has been proven to be effective for enhancing soft tissue integration. However, single microgroove pattern modification may not improve the antibacterial activity of implants, posing a threat of bacterial infection at the percutaneous site of the implant. While hybrid magnesium/zinc-metal organic framework (Mg/Zn-MOF74) coating exhibits excellent antibacterial ability due to its degradation which generates 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (DTHA), Zn2+ and Mg2+. Therefore, we propose a surface modification method that combines microgroove pattern modification with the hybrid Mg/Zn-MOF74 coating for titanium implants. We expect to simultaneously utilize microgroove pattern modification for enhancing soft tissue integration and hybrid Mg/Zn-MOF74 coating for improve the antibacterial activity. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that the combination of microgroove pattern and hybrid Mg/Zn-MOF74 coating of Ti implants can promote fibroblast migration, adhesion, and myogenic differentiation. Meanwhile, this surface modification exhibits promising antibacterial activity, and could inhibit the migration of epithelial cell. These properties not only facilitate the formation of a biological seal, but also reduce the incidence of implant-associated infection. Overall, the microgroove pattern modification combined with hybrid Mg/Zn-MOF74 coating has great potential for the surface modification of Ti implants to promote soft-tissue integration and prevent implant-associated infections.