Mobile association scheme based on auction algorithm in heterogeneous wireless networks

With the rapid development of mobile communications, the dense deployment of small base stations (SBSs) in heterogeneous wireless networks (HW-Nets) has met the explosive growth in demand from terminals. However, due to the irregular deployment of SBSs, users frequently handover base stations in pursuit of high-quality services, which inevitably leads to load imbalance among SBSs. To alleviate load imbalance in HW-Nets and improve the efficiency of seamless handover, this paper proposes a distributed auction algorithm scheme based on dual active protocol stack (DAPS), which transforms the wireless access selection of terminals into the terminal-base station association process during movement to globally optimize network resource utilization. At the same time, this paper constructs a terminal-base station association graph and uses auction algorithms to solve the maximum weighted matching of the graph. The DAPS-based scheme can effectively avoid the problem of excessively long outage time caused by handovering outages. Simulation results show that compared with general distributed algorithms, the distributed auction algorithm based on DAPS can effectively balance the load of base stations and reduce the mobile outage latency by 59% .