Covalently cross-linked CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ and poly(arylene ether nitrile) hybrids with enhanced high temperature energy storage properties

Ensuring polymer dielectrics with stable high energy storage density at high temperatures via improving interfacial compatibility remains a challenge. Based on this principle, calcium copper titanate and poly(arylene ether nitrile) (CCTO-PEN) hybrids dielectrics are developed to exhibit improved high temperature energy storage properties through the interfacial cross-linked high-temperature resistant cyano. Herein, CCTO-PEN hybrid dielectrics are fabricated through the thermal induced self-crosslinking reaction of phthalonitrile between the phthalonitrile modified CCTO (CCTO-CN) and phthalonitrile end-capped PEN (PEN-CN). SEM, XPS, FTIR, mechanical, dielectric, and breakdown tests of the CCTO-PEN hybrids reveal that the phthalonitrile modified CCTOCN possessed superior interfacial compatibility in PEN dielectrics, together with enhanced dielectric, breakdown, mechanical, and energy storage properties compared to CCTO directly doped PEN dielectrics. Benefitting from the improved interfacial compatibility and the appropriate distribution of CCTO-CN within PEN-CN matrix, the CCTO-PEN hybrids demonstrate stable dielectric properties from room temperature to 200 C, and the energy storage density of CCTO-PEN hybrid reaches up to 0.785 J/cm(3), suggesting that the CCTO-PEN hybrids can be utilized as high temperature dielectric materials.