Unpacking Indonesia's energy transition through a PESTEL analysis, for achieving Sustainable Development Goals

One of the objectives outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically referred to SDGs Goal 7, aims to ensure universal access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy. The targets associated with this goal involve guaranteeing access to energy services that are affordable, reliable, and modern, as well as increasing the proportion of renewable energy sources, enhancing energy efficiency, and advancing technology for service delivery. According to the Indonesia Sustainable Development Goals Indicators report of 2022, progress has been made in achieving SDGs Goal 7; however, additional efforts are required to attain a renewable energy composition of 24.8% by the year 2030. This study seeks to elucidate the ongoing energy transition in Indonesia by examining aspects related to sustainability, considering political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal (PESTEL) perspectives. The energy transition, characterized by the decarbonization of power plants, the advancement of renewable energy, and the cultivation of green ecosystems, signifies positive impacts not only on the economy but also on the environment and society