Enhanced Frequency Regulation Scheme: An Online Paradigm for Dynamic Virtual Power Plant Integration

This paper presents a novel measurement-based frequency regulation scheme that utilizes the contributions of inverter-based resources (IBRs). IBRs are assumed to be aggregated within dynamic virtual power plant (DVPP), conceptualized as a new entity in modern power systems that can be summoned by the system operator to provide dynamic ancillary services. While the participation of DVPPs in frequency regulation is outlined in ancillary service markets, the main objective is to distribute regulation signals among the resources within DVPPs. To achieve this, a power imbalance propagation paradigm is introduced, aiming to estimate the extent of power imbalance across the grid. Subsequently, the contribution factor is established for the purpose of evaluating the involvement of individual clusters of IBRs within the context of both primary and secondary frequency control commitments. The proposed mathematics-based approach is scalable and only needs to have access to few local measurments and exchanged power information between the adjacent neighboring areas to realize a real-time application. The effectiveness of the proposed methodologies is examined on two power grids.