Effect of Mammalian Sex Hormones on Somaclonal Variation of Lotus corniculatus In Vitro Culture

The purpose of this study was to see how different mammalian sex hormones, combinations and levels (progesterone, estrone, testosterone and 17β-estradiol) affected somaclonal variation in tissue culture, as well as to look into the utility of molecular markers (Inter primer binding site—IPBS) in sorting off types/somaclones. The results show that all hormones and binary hormone combinations cause somaclonal variation. The use of two hormones was found to cause minimal and maximal somaclonal variations. The combination of 10 –6 mM progesterone + 10 –5 mM estrone (6P + 5E) which causes minimal somaclonal variation is the similarity with the control and 65.36% and the positive and very significant correlation with the control (0.0168**, Spearman). The combinations 10 –6 mM 17β-estradiol + 10 –5 mM estrone of (6B + 5E) which causes maximum somaclanal variation is the similarity with control 55.82%, this combination showed insignificant and negative correlation (–0.061, Spearman) with the control . Furthermore, inter primer binding site (IPBS) was able to link a marker to a trait of interest. As a result, these findings indicate that molecular markers can be an important tool in sorting variation at an early stage.