Emerging roles of HOTAIR lncRNA in the pathogenesis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases

HOTAIR, a long noncoding RNA, plays a role in the regulation of proteins involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, it has been identified as a biomarker of this type of disease. Several factors and cells contribute to atherosclerosis, a progressive disease. However, the prognosis of HOTAIR in this disease varies depending on the path in which it plays a role. For this condition, there is no single prognosis to consider. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands as a major cause of global mortality, and its early diagnosis necessitates a comprehensive understanding of molecular aspects. Long noncoding RNAs, such as lncRNA HOTAIR, have gained attention for their role in disease pathogenesis. This article scrutinizes the involvement of HOTAIR in CVD, evaluating research on both physiological and pathological processes within the cardiovascular system. We have demonstrated that this lncRNA has a distinct influence on the pathogenesis of CVD. HOTAIR demonstrates a spectrum of beneficial and potentially harmful effects on critical processes such as apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation. Diverse conditions elicit distinct prognostic outcomes. Furthermore, the expression profile of HOTAIR in certain CVD suggests potential for its use as a diagnostic biomarker.