Recent advances in mRNA-based vaccine for cancer therapy; bench to bedside

The messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have progressed from a theoretical concept to a clinical reality over the last few decades. Compared to conventional vaccination methods, these vaccines have a number of benefits, such as substantial potency, rapid growth, inexpensive production, and safe administration. Nevertheless, their usefulness was restricted up to now due to worries about the erratic and ineffective circulation of mRNA in vivo. Thankfully, these worries have largely been allayed by recent technological developments, which have led to the creation of multiple mRNA vaccination platforms for cancer and viral infections. The mRNA vaccines have been demonstrated as a powerful alternative to traditional conventional vaccines because of their high potency, safety and efficacy, capacity for rapid clinical development, and potential for rapid, low-cost manufacturing. The paper will examine the present status of mRNA vaccine technology and suggest future paths for the advancement and application of this exciting vaccine platform as a common therapeutic choice. With the approval of two messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines for the prevention of infectious diseases, preclinical and clinical research on mRNA vaccines in the fields of infectious diseases and cancers has greatly expanded. The discovery and efficient delivery of highly immunogenic tumor-specific antigens poses a substantial obstacle to the development of potent anticancer vaccinations. In this article, we want to provide a thorough and in-depth examination of mRNA vaccines, including their mechanisms of action as well as their uses in cancer immunotherapy.