Phonon softening and atomic modulations in EuAl_4
arxiv(2024)
Abstract
EuAl_4 is a rare earth intermetallic in which competing itinerant and/or
indirect exchange mechanisms give rise to a complex magnetic phase diagram,
including a centrosymmetric skyrmion lattice. These phenomena arise not in the
tetragonal parent structure but in the presence of a charge density wave (CDW),
which lowers the crystal symmetry and renormalizes the electronic structure.
Microscopic knowledge of the corresponding atomic modulations and their driving
mechanism is a prerequisite for a deeper understanding of the resulting
equilibrium of electronic correlations and how it might be manipulated. Here,
we use synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction, inelastic X-ray
scattering, and lattice dynamics calculations to clarify the origin of the CDW
in EuAl_4. We observe a broad softening of a transverse acoustic phonon mode
that sets in well above room temperature and, at T_CDW=142 K,
freezes out in an atomic displacement mode described by the superspace group
Immm(00γ)s00. In the context of previous work, our observation is a
clear confirmation that the CDW in EuAl_4 is driven by electron-phonon
coupling. This result is relevant for a wider family of BaAl_4 and
ThCr_2Si_2-type rare-earth intermetallics known to combine CDW
instabilities and complex magnetism.
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