Electric Vehicle Adoption Barriers in Thailand

Adopting electric vehicles (EVs) is a potential solution to reduce emissions and protect the environment. Although countries encourage people to use EVs to replace gasoline and diesel vehicles, the application of EVs still needs to overcome many barriers, especially in developing countries such as Thailand. This study aims to identify critical barriers that hinder the adoption of EVs not only among EV owners but also among non-EV owners. First, two rounds of the modified Delphi method were used to identify significant barriers through expert opinions. The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method was then applied to determine their relationship. Among financial, technical, infrastructure, and policy dimensions, industrial experts agree about 14 significant barriers to the adoption of EVs. The results show that the long charging duration, limited driving range, and lack of charging stations are the most critical barriers affecting Thai customers adopting EVs. This study's findings will help manufacturers and policymakers understand customer requirements and develop appropriate strategies to improve the adoption of EVs.