Risk and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

AIMS:We aimed to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and estimate the global incidence of PCOS-associated CVD. METHODS:We conducted a meta-analysis across five databases to evaluate the risk of CVD among women with PCOS. Global incidence of PCOS-associated CVD was calculated by a population attributable fraction (PAF) modelling using the pooled RR, PCOS prevalence, CVD incidence number and age-standardized rate (ASIR), from the Global Burden of Diseases 2019. An estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to assess the temporal trend of PCOS-associated CVD. RESULTS:The risk of CVD was significantly increased in the women with PCOS for all-age group (pooled RR 1.51, 95% CI 1.36-1.69), and 10- to 54-year-old (1.37, 1.17-1.59). Globally, from 1990 to 2019, the PCOS associated CVD cases in women across all-age group has rised from 102 530 to 235 560. The most affected regions were East Asia & Pacific (108 430, 66 090-166 150) in 2019. The South Asia has the highest increase trend of PCOS-associated CVD ASIRs (EAPC 2.61%, 2.49-2.73). The annual increase ASIR in PCOS-CVD incidence for the 10-54 age group (EAPC 0.49%; 0.41-0.56) is faster than that of the all-age group (0.34; 0.27-0.42). The middle- or low-middle sociodemographic index countries, experienced higher increase trend of CVD due to PCOS in the past thirty years. CONCLUSIONS:Women with PCOS have a significantly increased risk of CVD. Efficient measures to enhance its prevention and treatment are important for regions with high PCOS-associated CVD burden, especially premature CVD in women under 55 years.