Is ImageNet Always the Best Option? An Overview on Transfer Learning Strategies for Document Layout Analysis

Semantic segmentation models have shown impressive performance in the context of historical document layout analysis, but their effectiveness is reliant on having access to a large number of high-quality annotated images for training. A popular approach to address the lack of training data in other domains is to rely on transfer learning to transfer the knowledge learned from a large-scale, general-purpose dataset (e.g. ImageNet) to a domain-specific task. However, this approach has been shown to lead to unsatisfactory results when the target task is completely unrelated to the data employed for the pre-training process, which is the case when working on document layout analysis. For this reason, in the present paper, we provide an overview of domain-specific transfer learning for document layout segmentation. In particular, we show how relying on document-related images for the pre-training process leads to consistently improved performance and faster convergence compared to training from scratch or even relying on a large, general purpose, dataset such as ImageNet.