Graphene Terahertz Technology
arxiv(2024)
摘要
During the past two decades, a variety of linear and nonlinear dynamical
phenomena, especially in the terahertz (THz) frequency range, have been
revealed for charge carriers in graphene, which can be utilized to develop THz
devices - i.e., emitters, receivers, and modulators of THz electromagnetic
waves. This review discusses various applications of graphene in THz
technology, including sensing, spectroscopy, photonics, and communications.
First, the basic physics and techniques of THz-wave absorption processes in
graphene are discussed. THz wave absorption in graphene can occur both through
interband and intraband absorption processes. Such absorption can be readily
modulated by an applied gate voltage and can be enhanced by utilizing
parallel-plate waveguides or a total internal reflection geometry. Next, the
effect of adsorbed molecules on THz emission from graphene is described. This
phenomenon can be used to construct a metamaterial-free THz sensor for
biointerfaces. The manipulation of THz waves through thermal annealing is also
discussed, as well as their enhancement in a graphene-based THz modulator
employing metallic ring apertures. Lastly, the review highlights the excitation
of propagating surface plasmon polaritons in graphene at THz frequencies, which
can play important roles in THz devices for communications, nanophotonics, and
imaging.
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