Green and cost-effective: Bifunctional wood for efficient adsorption and sensitive detection of Pb(II)

For the high -value utilization of wood, a novel non-cytotoxic bifunctional wood (NBW) was synthesized in this study for simultaneous adsorption and detection of Pb(II). Adsorption experiments showcased the remarkable maximum adsorption capacity of NBW, measuring 211.6 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model, and concurrently, adsorption kinetics adhered to the pseudo -second -order model. Critically, NBW exhibited exceptional reusability, maintaining 81.0% of its initial adsorption capacity even after undergoing six consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles. Additionally, it demonstrated notable temporal stability, preserving more than 84.2% of its initial adsorption capacity after a fifteen-week storage period. Furthermore, NBW was used for selective and sensitive detection of Pb(II), yielding a low limit of detection of 0.13 mu g/L. The fluorescence quenching of NBW resulted from both the internal filtering effect and dynamic quenching. Importantly, the cost analysis demonstrated that the expense of removing Pb(II) per gram using NBW was only CNY 0.50, significantly lower than the cost associated with activated carbon, totaling CNY 2.11. This study lays the groundwork for the development of a long -term stable, reusable, cost-effective, and multifunctional adsorbent.