Examination of charge-carriers hopping and identification of relaxation phenomenon and blocking effect in perovskite system

La 0.8 Na 0.2 MnO 3 perovskite is successfully synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction diagram confirms the perovskite compound formation and reveals that the prepared material is crystallized in the rhombohedral structure. Equally, the chemical analysis confirms the theoretical Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ ratio. The complex impedance analysis displays the electrically inhomogeneous nature of LNMO system. Then, it is observed that the electro-active regions are overlapped in the explored frequency range with dominance of grain boundaries effects. The decrease in the blocking factor with temperature increasing reveals the release of charge-carriers from grain boundaries for participating in the conduction process. Moreover, the presence of an inductive character is demonstrated. The electrical conductivity analysis proves the contribution of polaronic and electronic transport in the conduction process. It precisely elucidates the temperature dependence of the energy and distance of electrons hopping. The conductivity spectra investigation is described by the universal dynamic response. The impedance Z ″ and the conductivity spectra prove the presence of relaxation process in the studied system. The resemblance and the difference between the calculated activation energies confirm the synchronization of the relaxation phenomenon with hopping process.