Probing early phase coarsening in a rapidly quenched Bose gas using off-resonant matter-wave interferometry
arxiv(2024)
摘要
We experimentally investigate the evolution of spatial phase correlations in
a rapidly quenched inhomogeneous Bose gas of rubidium using off-resonant
matter-wave interferometry. We measure the phase coherence length ℓ of the
sample and directly probe its increase during the early stage of condensate
growth before vortices are formed. Once the vortices are formed stably in the
quenched condensate, the measured value of ℓ is shown to be linearly
proportional to the mean distance between the vortices. These results confirm
the presence of phase coarsening prior to vortex formation, which is crucial
for a quantitative understanding of the resultant defect density in samples
undergoing critical phase transitions.
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