Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an auto-immune and paraneoplastic encephalitis with prominent neuropsychiatric manifestations. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor is located in the forebrain and hippocampus and plays a role in learning and memory.A 29-year-old female patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, was reported and we also reviewed the literature and summarised the characteristics of the cases.In the present study, we reported 1 patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis diagnosed by the detection of anti-NMDAR antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).The patient received glucocorticoids and anti-epilepsy treatment as well as human immunoglobulin treatment.After treatment, the patient gradually regained consciousness and was discharged after 3 months of rehabilitation. At the follow-up 2 months later, the patient had the sequelae of memory impairment and limb movement disorders.An accurate early diagnosis and active treatment are crucial to the improvement in the prognosis of patients with anti-NMDAR receptor encephalitis.