Biopolymer Gellan-Gum-Based TiO₂: A Green Alternative Photocatalyst Approach for Removal of Pollutants

Titanium dioxide TiO2/gellan gum (GG) in different compositions (1, 3, and 5% GG) was investigated to degrade methylene blue (MB) under UV light. XRD, SEM, and EDS confirmed the anatase phase. The textural properties demonstrated the formation of mesopores. The band gaps were 3.2 eV, 3.0 eV, and 2.9 eV. A photodegradation of MB of 95% was observed using the lowest gum concentration. It was attributed to the photogenerated radicals and the specific surface area. The FTIR spectra showed the photostability of the catalyst after successive cycles. The toxicity tests demonstrated no toxicity after dye degradation. Therefore, TiO2/GG is promising for the treatment of water.