Millimeter waves in medical applications: status and prospects

Millimeter waves are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths of 1–10 mm, which have characteristics of high frequency and short wavelength. They have gradually and widely been used in engineering and medical fields. We have identified studies related to millimeter waves in the biomedical field and summarized the biological effects of millimeter waves and their current status in medical applications. Finally, the shortcomings of existing studies and future developments were analyzed and discussed, with the aim of providing a reference for further research and development of millimeter waves in the medical field.