Validity and bias of indicators of international collaboration: A theoretical analysis with an empirical study of Ukraine-Russia-United States and China-United States

Journal of Informetrics（2024）

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摘要

•Introduce the ORC, a new symmetric indicator of collaboration superior to the OER.•Give probabilistic interpretations of the AOER and the ORC.•AOER lacks content validity as an indicator.•Analysis of Ukraine collaborations with United States and Russia prior to invasion.•Analysis of United States/China relationship shows superiority of RIC over AOER.

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关键词

Collaborative research,Asymmetric observed to expected ratio,Observed to expected ratio,Odds ratio of collaboration,China-United States relationship,Ukraine-Russia-United States relationship

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