Enhancing output performance of galloping-based energy harvesting using asymmetric bluff body

This study presents a high -efficiency galloping energy harvester based on the non -rotational bluff body with Transverse Force Disturbance (TFDEH), which utilizes asymmetric non -rotational bluff body design. The TFDEH exploits initial transverse force disturbance through a specifically designed asymmetrical bluff body to reduce the critical wind velocity. To predict dynamic behaviors, we develop a coupled aero-electro-mechanical model and utilize Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to define aerodynamic coefficients. Additionally, a series of wind tunnel experiments are conducted to validate the mathematical model by comparing experimental and theoretical results, showing good agreement. The wind tunnel tests reveal a significantly low critical wind velocity of 1.35 m/s (U* = 4.5), representing a remarkable increase rate of 273.53% compared to conventional galloping -based energy harvester with a single cantilever beam (GEH-SB). Moreover, an increase rate of 53.74% is achieved compared to the bluff body non -rotational galloping -based energy harvester without a curved wall design. Overall, this study provides valuable insights and design guidance for achieving exceptional output performance in galloping -based energy harvesters under the influence of transverse force disturbance. These findings contribute to the advancement of energy harvesting technology and hold significance for various applications.