NLOS Effect on LEO Doppler Positioning: A case Study in Hong Kong

This paper studies a simulation case of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) effect on low Earth orbit (LEO) Doppler positioning. LEO Doppler measurement error caused by NLOS signal is analyzed. LEO constellations are simulated with 3D mapping aided ray tracing considering the propagation of NLOS signals. Simulation results show that even for stationary users, NLOS effect can cause around 10 m horizontal error during 100 seconds in average.