Age of Incorrect Information Minimization for Semantic-Empowered NOMA System in S-IoT.

Satellites can provide timely status updates to massive terrestrial user equipments (UEs) via non-orthogonal multiple access technology (NOMA) in satellite-based Internet of Things (S-IoT) network. However, most of the existing downlink NOMA system are content-independent, which may result redundant transmission in S-IoT with limited resources. In this paper, we design a content-aware sampling policy via a semantic-empowered metric, named Age of Incorrect Information (AoII) to evaluate the freshness and value of status updates simultaneously, and formulate a long-term average AoII minimization problem with three constraints, including average/peak power constraint, network stability and freshness requirement. By regarding the long-term average AoII and three constraints as Lyapunov penalty and Lyapunov drift, respectively, we transform the long-term average AoII minimization problem to minimize the upper bound of Lyapunov drift-plus-penalty (DPP). Then, we utilize the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) to design our AoII minimization resource allocation scheme, and solve the non-convex Lyapunov optimization problem to enable the semantic-empowered downlink NOMA system. Simulation results show that our proposed SAC-AMPA scheme can achieve the optimal long-term average AoII performance under less power and bandwidth consumption than state-of-the-art schemes.