Nanocomposite modified electrode based on polyaniline/Ti3C2 for the simultaneous detection of purine bases and uric acid

In this study, a nanocomposite of Polyaniline/titanium carbide (PANI/Ti3C2) was synthesized through self-assembly and in situ polymerization for use as a sensor material to simultaneously detect guanine (G), adenine (A), and uric acid (UA). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were utilized to confirm the successful synthesis of PANI/Ti3C2. Electrochemical analysis methods including differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to detect the electrochemical performance of PANI/Ti3C2 modified glassy carbon electrode (PANI/Ti3C2/GCE). The pH dependence, electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), electron transport, stability, reproducibility, sensitivity, and selectivity of the modified GCE were examined. Compared to previous reports, the nanocomposite exhibited excellent performance. Uric acid, guanine, and adenine detection limits were 0.33, 0.31, and 0.28 μM, respectively, over concentration ranges of 0.62 - 20.10, 0.31 - 17.00, and 0.31 - 17.00 μM. The nanocomposite demonstrated high recovery and low error in serum sample detection. In summary, PANI/Ti3C2 is a sensor material with excellent electrochemical properties.