A MultiLayer BlockChain Based Framework for Internet of Things

With the increasing use of smart devices in IoT networks, ensuring security in communications between these devices has become a major challenge. Blockchain technology, known for its decentralized and secure nature, holds promise in addressing security concerns within 5 G-enabled IoT networks. This research introduces a Multi-layer Blockchain Security model to safeguard IoT networks while simplifying its practical application. They use a technique called clustering to create a multi-layer structure within the IoT network. These clusters are formed using a combination of advanced algorithms, including Evolutionary Computation Algorithm, Simulated Annealing, and Genetic Algorithms. Headers within these clusters handle local authentication and authorization, and they use a private blockchain system to communicate with relevant base stations, adding credibility and security while providing a network authentication mechanism. The widely accepted open-source Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain platform is employed for building this model. In parallel, base stations utilize a global blockchain approach to securely communicate with each other. Simulation results show that this clustering approach outperforms previous methods, and the proposed lightweight blockchain model effectively balances network latency and throughput, offering advantages over traditional global blockchain systems.