Extended local ergotropy
arxiv(2024)
摘要
A fundamental problem in quantum thermodynamics is to properly quantify the
work extractable from out-of-equilibrium systems. While for closed systems,
maximum quantum work extraction is defined in terms of the ergotropy
functional, this question is unclear in open systems interacting with an
environment. The concept of local ergotropy has been proposed, but it presents
several problems, such as it is not guaranteed to be non-increasing in time.
Here we introduce the concept of extended local ergotropy by exploiting the
free evolution of the system-environment compound. At variance with the local
ergotropy, the extended local ergotropy is greater, is non-increasing in time,
and activates the potential of work extraction in many cases. We then
concentrate on specific schemes in which we alternate repeated local unitaries
and free SE evolution. We provide examples based on the Jaynes-Cummings model,
presenting practical protocols and analytic results that serve as proof of
principle for the aforementioned advantages.
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