Wolf 327b: A new member of the pack of ultra-short-period super-Earths around M dwarfs
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Planets with orbital periods shorter than 1 day are rare and have formation
histories that are not completely understood. Small (R_p < 2
R_⊕) ultra-short-period (USP) planets are highly irradiated, probably
have rocky compositions with high bulk densities, and are often found in
multi-planet systems. Additionally, USP planets found around small stars are
excellent candidates for characterization using present-day instrumentation. Of
the current full sample of approximately 5500 confirmed exoplanets, only 130
are USP planets and around 40 have mass and radius measurements. Wolf 327
(TOI-5747) is an M dwarf (R_⋆ = 0.406 ± 0.015 R_⊙, M_⋆ =
0.405 ± 0.019 M_⊙, T_eff=3542 ± 70 K, and V = 13
mag) located at a distance d = 28.5 pc. NASA's planet hunter satellite, TESS,
detected transits in this star with a period of 0.573 d (13.7 h) and with a
transit depth of 818 ppm. Ground-based follow-up photometry, high resolution
imaging, and radial velocity (RV) measurements taken with the CARMENES
spectrograph confirm the presence of this new USP planet. Wolf 327b is a
super-Earth with a radius of R_p = 1.24 ± 0.06 R_⊕ and a
mass of M_p = 2.53 ± 0.46 M_⊕, yielding a bulk density of
7.24 ± 1.66 g cm^-3 and thus suggesting a rocky composition. Owing to
its close proximity to its host star (a = 0.01 au), Wolf 327b has an
equilibrium temperature of 996 ± 22 K. This planet has a mass and radius
similar to K2-229b, a planet with an inferred Mercury-like internal
composition. Planet interior models suggest that Wolf 327b has a large iron
core, a small rocky mantle, and a negligible (if any) H/He atmosphere.
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