Revamping precision treatment with nanoparticles envisaging effective drug delivery systems for ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer occurs through the proliferation of cells at gynecological sites and is the major cause of demise in women. One of the conventional treatments for ovarian cancer is chemotherapy, however, it is hampered by various side effects- neurotoxicity, arthralgia, and infertility. Studies suggest drug delivery through nanoparticles to overcome these drawbacks. Nanoparticles facilitate targeted drug delivery, addressing challenges such as low solubility, poor bioavailability factor, high dosage, and lower toxicity. Various types of nanoparticles can be used for drug delivery including organic, inorganic, and hybrid nanoparticles sharing the same properties including small size, shape, and surface specificity. These nanoparticles identify the biomarkers in response to a particular cancer for facilitating effective treatment. Immunotherapy, a technique to enhance the immune system to deal with the effects of the cancer is given to the patients by binding a human monoclonal antibody to nanoparticles which acts by blocking the negative regulatory receptor on tumor cells. In this review, we have incorporated organic and inorganic nanoparticles for effective and targeted drug delivery with minimum side effects and toxicity. Research is still going on to achieve significant cures for cancer with high efficacy and minimum side effects.