A Review on Cyber-Physical-Social Systems

A cyber-physical-social system (CPSS) is a brand-new paradigm of cyber-physical and cyber-social systems that integrates dynamic stochastic hybrid systems including computation, communication, sensing and actuation, and social systems. It is highly homogeneous and distributed. Its application can be seen in a variety of areas, including smart homes, industrial producers, infrastructures, smart cities, pharmaceuticals, healthcare systems, and many others. It can offer a greater degree of control and accessibility, as well as simplify and speed up activities. CPSS enables the management and control of physical objects, such as managing hospital care, helping students with their studies, assisting farmers in growing ripe fruit, helping drivers with vehicle repairs, and many others. In this paper, we highlight the main features of Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPSS), discuss its weaknesses, and identify its problems. In addition, we highlight the main attacks targeting the CPSS and the proposed security solutions. To further demonstrate the CPSS, we show its implementation in smart agriculture as a case study.