Impact of Flexible and Bidirectional Charging in Medium- and Heavy-Duty Trucks on California's Decarbonization Pathway
CoRR(2024)
Abstract
California has committed to ambitious decarbonization targets across multiple
sectors, including decarbonizing the electrical grid by 2045. In addition, the
medium- and heavy-duty truck fleets are expected to see rapid electrification
over the next two decades. Considering these two pathways in tandem is critical
for ensuring cost optimality and reliable power system operation. In
particular, we examine the potential cost savings of electrical generation
infrastructure by enabling flexible charging and bidirectional charging for
these trucks. We also examine costs adjacent to enabling these services, such
as charger upgrades and battery degradation. We deploy a large mixed-integer
decarbonization planning model to quantify the costs associated with the
electric generation decarbonization pathway. Example scenarios governing truck
driving and charging behaviors are implemented to reveal the sensitivity of
temporal driving patterns. Our experiments show that cost savings on the order
of multiple billions of dollars are possible by enabling flexible and
bidirectional charging in medium- and heavy-duty trucks in California.
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