The Therapeutic Significance of HER3 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A Review Study

HER3 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 3) is frequently overexpressed in various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a prevalence of 83% in primary tumors. Its involvement in tumorigenesis and resistance to targeted therapies makes HER3 a promising target for cancer treatment. Despite being initially considered "undruggable" due to its lack of catalytic activity, significant progress has been made in the development of anti-HER3 therapeutics. Monoclonal antibodies such as lumretuzumab, seribantumab, and patritumab have shown potential in targeting HER3 to overcome resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Additionally, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) like HER3-DXd (patritumab deruxtecan) are new drug candidates that have demonstrated selective delivery of cytotoxic chemicals to NSCLC cells by exploiting HER3's widespread expression, minimizing cytotoxicity. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy of current HER3 therapeutics in development and their therapeutic potential in NSCLC, incorporating evidence from clinical trials.