Optimize the rGO/Fe₃O₄ nanohybrid synthesis process for efficient As(V) removal

This study reports on synthesizing a reduced graphene oxide/magnetite (rGO/Fe3O4) nanohybrid using a one-step process. Iron salt solutions were directly added to a solution containing GO synthesized via the modified Hummers method without requiring additional cleaning steps. The rGO/Fe3O4 nanohybrid synthesized has an average particle size of 15.98 nm with a specific surface area of 74.2 m(2)/g, exhibits superparamagnetism at room temperature, and has a saturation magnetic moment of 61.9 emu/g. Batch optimization experiments were conducted to evaluate the capability of the rGO/Fe3O4 nanohybrid in removing arsenic (As(V)) from aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption efficiency of As(V) was about 94.67% after 150 min. These results demonstrate the effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and stability of the method presented for synthesizing the rGO/Fe3O4 nanohybrid material, indicating its potential for widespread application in polluted water treatment.