High Stable Mechanoluminescence from TbBO₃ GCs for Stress Safety Monitoring

Mechanoluminescence (ML) materials are widely used in information storage, stress sensing, and structural health monitoring due to their simplicity, nondestructiveness, and real-time sensing characteristics. However, the currently reported ML films suffer from high-temperature decomposition, opacity, and unstable ML properties, which seriously limits their applications. Herein, a transparent TbBO3 glass-ceramic (GCs) with significant ML performance is explored. A large number of Si-O and B-O tetrahedra in the glass matrix greatly improves the structural stability. Meanwhile, the disordered atomic arrangement reduces the obstacles in the light propagation process, making it highly transparent. Furthermore, femtosecond laser irradiation produces an ultra-deep trap of 517 K, which makes its ML performance highly stable. Based on this material, an aircraft stress safety monitoring system that can accurately pinpoint where the aircraft window is hit is designed. Therefore, this work provides a new strategy for the design of highly stable and transparent ML materials.