The Evolution of Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgery for Tubal Sterilization and Endometriosis: A Historical and Social Overview and Development of Laparoscopic Techniques

The introduction and evolution of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) via laparoscopy has been one of the biggest advances in medical history. What started as an apparatus made of candles has become a complex combination of parts including a camera, light source, insufflator, monitors, and other tools, representing the union of modern technology and surgical innovation. Laparoscopy has aided in the development of significant advances in almost all surgical fields, including gynecologic surgery. This article focuses on the evolution of MIS within gynecologic surgery. Special attention is given to importance of MIS as it relates to both the historical and social context surrounding tubal sterilization, diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis, and optimizing surgeon longevity. (J GYN SURG 20XX:000)