Temporal Relationship of Acute Rheumatic Fever Following COVID-19 Infection: A Pediatric Case Report

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has the potential to trigger the onset of autoimmune disorders, one of which is acute rheumatic fever (ARF). ARF is an immune system response that can manifest after an individual has been infected with Streptococcus pyogenes. In this study, we document a unique case involving a previously healthy child who exhibited symptoms of fever, polyarthritis, and ankle swelling after history of COVID-19 infection one month ago. This rare pediatric case report discussed the occurrence of ARF after a one-month period of COVID-19 infection, and we observed significant improvement in our patient after a three-month treatment regimen.