Exploring the aspects of the application of nanotechnology system in aquaculture: a systematic review

Nanoparticles offer unique physiochemical properties and diverse applications, providing significant advantages for fish culture. Their antimicrobial properties effectively combat bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, addressing crucial challenges in aquaculture. Moreover, nanoparticles are efficient carriers for delivering therapeutic agents, vaccines, and immune stimulants directly to fish, optimizing treatment and minimizing environmental impacts. Therefore, researchers are focusing more on developing optimal dosage and delivery mechanisms and their interaction between nanoparticles and the fish immune system. In this paper, we will discuss the recent applications of nanotechnology in aquaculture, including feed ingredients, fish medicine, wastewater treatment, and fish packaging fisheries accessories. It will also emphasize nanoparticle utilization’s potential benefits and challenges in fish culture. Nanoparticles could be applied through fish feed to enhance growth, reproduction, and other aspects, added to water for treatment, or administered via injection. By incorporating nanomaterials into feed, fish improve their appearance and become stronger and healthier, effectively preventing diseases. This paper explores various applications of nanotechnology in fish culture, including enhancing fish medicine, facilitating sex reversal, achieving optimal nutrition, and improving water treatment practices.