Stroke types, risk factors, clinical features and outcomes in a tertiary hospital, Myanmar, a descriptive study

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Abstract Background Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and majority of the stroke burden was observed in middle- and low-income countries. Understanding the risk factors, complications and outcomes is useful in healthcare planning and resource allocation. However, little information on stroke is available in Myanmar. Methods A review of medical records of stroke admission during 2017 in a tertiary hospital was conducted. Final diagnosis, risk factors, clinical features, complications and outcomes were systematically collected both from computer-based and from paper-based medical records. Results 1153 cases were identified, and 977 cases were analysed. Haemorrhagic stroke was the most common type (48.8%), followed by ischaemic stroke (43.4%). Unimproved cases were 31.5%. Identified risk factors of unimproved were 'haemorrhagic stroke' [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.67], 'having fever during hospitalisation' [aOR: 2.53], and 'Glasgow Coma Scale at the admission between 9 and 14 [aOR: 4.64], and less than 9 [aOR: 42.37]. Conclusion Intracranial haemorrhage and unconsciousness were significantly associated with poor prognosis. Fever during the hospitalisation, which was also a risk factor of unimproved cases, could be associated with aspiration pneumonia. This could be an associated symptom of unconsciousness. The findings imply how to prevent and control fever among stroke patients during hospital stay is a key for better prognosis.
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