Metamaterial Wave Absorber for Harvesting Electromagnetic Energy with Dispersion Characteristics Using Palm Oil Frond Graphitic Carbon

A metamaterial wave absorber (MWA) optimized for high-performance absorbers to harvest electromagnetic energy is designed for operation within the terahertz (THz) frequency range using renewable palm oil frond graphitic carbon (POFGC). The structural composition of the MWA consists of double split-ring resonators configured in rotational symmetry. The fundamental component of the design has three distinct layers: (1) the bottom layer, composed of a metallic substance with gold that exhibits a lossy metal characteristic; (2) the middle layer, made of a lossy dielectric material referred to as silicon dioxide (SiO2); and (3) the top layer crafted from POFGC. The findings reveal that the absorber achieves a broad absorption spectrum, with simulated results from CST software indicating absorption peaks at 414, 708, 981, and 1242 THz. These results demonstrate high absorption levels of 99.989, 99.999, 99.988, and 99.999