Quantum state tracking and control of a single molecular ion in a thermal environment
arxiv(2023)
Abstract
The evolution of molecular quantum states is central to many research areas,
including chemical reaction dynamics, precision measurement, and molecule based
quantum technology. Details of the evolution is often obscured, however, when
measurements are performed on an ensemble of molecules, or when the molecules
are subjected to environmental perturbations. Here, we report real-time
observations of quantum jumps between rotational states of a single molecule
driven by thermal radiation, and present techniques to maintain the molecule in
a chosen state over a timescale of tens of seconds. Molecular state detection
is achieved nondestructively through quantum-logic spectroscopy, in which
information on the state of the molecule is transferred to a co-trapped "logic"
atomic ion for readout. Our approaches for state detection and manipulation are
applicable to a wide range of molecular ion species, thereby facilitating their
use in many fields of study including quantum science, molecular physics, and
ion-neutral chemistry. The measured rotational transition rates show anisotropy
in the background thermal radiation, which points to the possibility of using a
single molecular ion as an in-situ probe for the strengths of ambient fields at
the relevant transition frequencies.
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