Modeling Wall Deformation During the Construction of Metro Line 1 (Ho Chi Minh City) Using an Inferred Soil Modulus Derived from SPT Values

The objective of this study is to assess the deformation of retaining walls during excavations using 2D finite element analysis within the context of the Ho Chi Minh Metro project. The investigation focuses on Opera House station, which is located in a densely populated area near historical buildings and serves as the deepest underground station on Ho Chi Minh City's first metro line. Soil properties are determined based on data obtained from site surveys, in-situ tests, and laboratory experiments. The Hardening Soil Model is applied in numerical simulations to estimate soil stiffness modulus parameters, utilizing results from the Standard Penetration Test (SPT). The results of the 2D finite element analysis, coupled with on-site monitoring, demonstrate that employing the proposed correlation between soil stiffness modulus and SPT index yields accurate simulation results. These results can be valuable for predicting retaining wall displacements in similar excavation projects.