Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcomes of Crystalline Arthropathy in the Setting of Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Critical Analysis Review

Emerging evidence suggests the prevalence of crystalline arthropathy (CA) in the setting of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is increasing, and diagnosis of CA is often intricate because of symptom overlap with other common postoperative complications such as periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Consequently, an accurate and timely diagnosis becomes pivotal in guiding the choice of treatment.CA includes gout and calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease, and accurate diagnosis in patients with prior TKA requires a multifaceted approach. The diagnosis algorithm plays a critical role in determining the appropriate treatment approach.Management of CA typically involves a conservative strategy, encompassing the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, and steroids, regardless of whether patients have undergone prior TKA.There is conflicting evidence on the effect CA has on the surgical outcomes in postoperative TKA patients. While these patients may expect excellent functional outcomes and pain relief, they may be at a higher risk of complications such as infections, medical complications, and revision procedures.Additional research is required to fully comprehend the impact of CA on postoperative TKA outcomes and to establish effective strategies for enhancing patient care and optimizing long-term joint function.